Phytochemical Screening and Evaluation of Angiogenesis Activity of Hyptis Capitata Jacq. Leaf Ethanolic Extract

Abstract

Plants are valuable compounds that can be used to develop medicines against various diseases. Hyptis capitata Jacq. is a shrub commonly found on roadsides and is used to treat ailments by local people. In this study, the ethanolic leaf extract of H. capitata was subjected to phytochemical screening to determine the secondary metabolites present in the plant leaves. Chorioallantoic membrane assay (CAM) was used to evaluate the plant extract's antiangiogenic activity. Concentrations of 0.1 ppm, 1 ppm, 10 ppm, 100 ppm, 1000 ppm, and 10000 ppm from the plant's leaf extract, distilled water as the negative control, and retinoic acid as the positive control were treated on the CAM. Results revealed that the H. capitata leaves contain steroids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. The plant's leaf extract has antiangiogenic potential as 1000 ppm and 10000 ppm concentrations significantly decreased the blood vessels (P<0.05) with percent inhibition of 26.78 % and 35.49 %, respectively. Studies exploring other assays for angiogenesis and toxicity tests to support the plant's potential as an angiogenesis inhibitor are recommended.